فصلنامه پیک نور علوم
پیاپی 2 (تابستان 1386)

The most common process for production of phosphoric acid in the World, is wet process phosphoric acid (WPPA). Because the acid is produces from this process in the production of industrial grade and food grade contains many impurities, must be purified. Therefore, the purification process contains coagulation, discoloration with charcoal, sulfate precipitation, filtration, extraction with solvent and ion exchange process. Florine is eliminated by precipitation in the form sodium flour silicate. Arsenic is precipitated in form of cupper arsenide. Lead, iron and aluminous is precipitated by glacial acetic acid. Sulfate is precipitated by barium soluble salt.The selective solvent is used for extraction is three n-butyl phosphate (TBP). The result is obtained in laboratory is in accord with the above process.

Temperature determination of formation of hydrothermal or deposites and related alteration zone is an important prospecting tool. Geothermometery, using secondary chlorite is a suitable method for indicting temperature for different types of alteration. Application of this method to alteration zone in NW Zanjan, east of Mianeh and south of Khalkhal, gives temperatures of 340-365°C, 330-355°C, 315-325°C and 290-305°C for the sericitic, advanced argillic, moderate argillic, propylitic zone prospectively Studied chlorite is repidolite. Estimation of temperature based on fluid inclusion studies are in good agreement with temperature obtained from chlorite thermometry. Therefore application of both of these methods is suggested for temperature estimation.

Iron deficiency anemia is the most prevalent kinds of anemia. Becase of blood loss in menstrual bleeding, this kind of anemia is important in adult women, specialy at 18-40 years age. In this study 112 female students (with above age range) of Payam-e Noor University of Tehran were examined. Blood indicates of anemia are hemoglobin (HB), hematocrite (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and transferring saturation. Inclusion criteria in this study for iron deficiency anemia are: Hb < 12.6 gr/di, Hct<37.8%, MCV < 78 fl, MCH.27 pg, MCHC< 33.3 %, serum Iron < 50 μgr/dl, TIBC>4 μgr/dl and transferrin saturation < 15%. In final examination of result, iron deficiency anemia occuracy were done. Totally result showed that 8 persons (7.1%) have iron deficiency anemia and two persons (1.8%) had weak symptoms of anemia that with more examination were identified as non iron deficiency anemia. Among students that had iron deficiency anemia, 3 patients (2.6%) with old diagnosis of deficiency anemia have treated by physician.

Beech is a broad leaf deciduous tree which is expanded in north of Iran and is one of the most important industrial species of our country. Extraction of lipophilic compounds of wood and bark were done by soxhlet extraction using toluene as solvent. In this study, separation and identification of compounds in the extractives were done by using GC/MS technique. Twenty four compounds were identified, which ten compounds were common between wood and bark with different percents. The most important compound identified in wood (32.38%) and bark (19.39%) was propyl hydrocinnamate which was separated by using quantitative HPLC and identified by using FT-1HNMR and FT-IR. This compound has essential role in biosynthesis of sinapyl alcohol which is the main precursor in the formation of hardwood lignin. The most important identified organic acids in wood and bark were palmitic acid, lignoceric acid, estearic acid and benzoic acid. The other important compound observed only in bark was 4,5 -dihydroxy-6,7- dimetoxy flavone. Also, number of sterols were observed and identified.

Aphthosis of the mouth has an occurrence of 17% on general population. Disabling symptoms of the affected people result in considerable physical, psychological and socio-economic wastage. It has a short course of seven to ten days and nonspecific and effective treatment has been identified. Biological compatibility of herbal products with human organ systems and few if any side effects of these products have attracted the attention of many investigators to the herbal medicine. In the present study, the efficacy and safety of two herbal drugs in patients with aphthosis stomatitis have been evaluated.

Regression diagnostic is the general class of technique for detecting outliers and influential points. Our objective is to extend these diagnostics to the time series setting. In particular, various diagnostic tools will be explored for autoregressive model, which resembles the multiple regression models. In this research first the concept of leverage and Cook’s distance based on the idea of removing one observation at a time and measuring the change in the fitted model, will be adapted to the time series situation. Then, since in some time series the outliers occur in patches, therefore it seems that it is better to consider some sort of diagnostics, such as multiple deletion statistic and multiple deletion Cook’s distance, based on the idea of leaving out a block of k consecutive observations. To detect outliers each of these procedures needs a threshold. Values of these statistics that exceed the threshold could be suspected as being an outlier. Since the distributional properties of these statistics are not known precisely, therefore to overcome this problem some simulation study were carried out. Finally, these diagnostic approaches will be used for some real time series data.

Effect of different concentration of ethanol was tested on seed germination and anatomy of leaves and stems of Phaseolous vulgaris. It was shown high concentration of ethanol decreased germination of seeds. Stomatal frequency, stomatal index, lengths and widths of cells was measured after spraying leaves with water and seven different concentrations of ethanol. The highest length of epidermal cells on upper surface of leaf was seen in 10% ethanol treatment. Addition of ethanol reduces stomatal frequency on upper surface of leaf. The highest amount of stomatal index on upper and lower surface of leaf was seen in 80% ethanol treatment. Addition of ethanol reduces frequency and length of trichomes on upper surface of leaf but have not significant effects on length of young vessels.

Persistent photoconductivity(PPC) has been investigated in detail in a CdTe single crystal semiconductor. I find that the decay of PPC for CdTe follows the “stretched-exponential” function that is usually observed in a wide class of disordered materials. The PPC observed here thus suggests that the random local-Potential fluctuation, are responsible for PPC.

To study the fluid structure, using computer simulation method, it is necessary to calculate the mean density of fluid for the evaluation to number of particles in each cell. In this paper we used Kim approximation method, which contain two approximation methods, namely, weighted density approximation of Tarazona and MHNC approximation that proposed by Rickyzen and Augusti in theory of density functional. Using this approximation meandensity of Yukawa fluid confined between two parallel plane walls for two conditions were calculated: one interaction with hard-wall and the other attractive Yukawa-wall at different temperatures.

As Iran’s climate is arid and semiarid the ways of utilizing ground water resources are of great importance. One of the regions affected by excessive exploitation of ground water resources is Hashtgerd plain in west of the Karaj region. The level of ground water has decreased by 2 to 4 meters during past ten years. To prevent further fall, artificial recharge plan is pat forth. The proposed region for this purpose is located in south of Kordan village, below Tehran-Tabriz railway and on the east bank of Kordan river. Water for artificial recharge is provided from Kordan river and the volume of feeding is 3.5 cubic meters per second on avarage from February to May. The weight of carried sediment (suspended substancest + bed load) by Kordan river during four month period of artificial recharge is estimated to be 123.68 thousand Tons.